@misc{10498/32766,
year = {2024},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10498/32766},
abstract = {Objective: There is a growing prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD), a con-
dition associated with a higher cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. We assessed
the association between self-reported physical activity (PA) and CKD and also
studied whether PA attenuates CKD-associated CVD risk.
Methods: A cohort of Spanish adults (18–64 years) participated in this nation-
wide study. Participants were categorized at baseline as being either inactive (per-
forming no PA), regularly, or insufficiently active (meeting or not, respectively,
international PA recommendations) and were followed for up to 5 years. The
presence of CKD (estimated glomerular filtration rate <60 mL/min/1.73 m2) and
major CVD risk factors (diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, hypertension, obesity)
was determined at baseline and at follow- up.
Results: 517 917 participants (44 ± 9 years, 67% male, CKD prevalence = 7%)
were studied at baseline, with prospective analyses (median follow-up = 2 years,
range = 2–5) in a subcohort of 264 581 individuals. Compared to physical inactiv-
ity, cross-sectional analyses at baseline showed that regular PA (odds ratio = 0.80;
95% confidence interval = 0.79–0.81), but not insufficient PA (1.02; 0.99–1.04) was
associated with lower CKD prevalence. However, prospective analyses failed to
confirm this association (p > 0.1). In turn, CKD was associated with a higher prev-
alence of hypertension (+3%) and diabetes (+5%) at baseline and with a greater
incidence of hypertension at follow-up (+37%). Among those participants with
CKD, regular PA was associated with a lower prevalence (−45% to −7%) and in-
cidence (−38% to −4%) of all CVD risk factors.
Conclusion: Although PA might not reduce incident CKD in the middle term
(~2 years), it can attenuate the CVD risk linked to this condition.},
organization = {Federación Española de Enfermedades Raras (España)
 Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España)
 Instituto de Salud Carlos III (España)},
publisher = {John Wiley and Sons},
keywords = {CVD risk factors},
keywords = {Glomerular filtration rate},
keywords = {Kidney function},
keywords = {Physical inactivity},
title = {Physical activity, chronic kidney disease, and cardiovascular risk: A study in half a million adults},
doi = {10.1111/sms.14557},
author = {Castillo-García, A. and Valenzuela, P.L. and Saco-Ledo, G. and Morales Rojas, Javier Salvador and Ruilope, L.M. and Santos-Lozano, A. and Lucia, A.},
}