%0 Journal Article 
%A Nebo, Liliane
%A Varela Montoya, Rosa María
%A Fernandes, João B.
%A Palma Lovillo, Miguel
%T Microwave-Assisted Extraction of Ricinine from Ricinus communis Leaves
%D 2019
%@ 2076-3921
%U http://hdl.handle.net/10498/22177
%X The alkaloid ricinine (3-cyano-4-methoxy-N-methyl-2-pyridone) is found in di erent parts
of the Ricinus communis plant and is known to possess several bioactive properties, including strong
antioxidant activity. In this study, a new microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) method was developed
for the recovery of ricinine from R. communis leaves. The extraction variables studied were extraction
temperature (between 125  C and 175  C), microwave power (between 500Wand 1000 W), extraction
time (between 5 min and 15 min), extraction solvent (between 10% and 90% of EtOAc in MeOH),
and solvent-to-sample ratio (between 25:1 mL and 50:1 mL of solvent per gram of the sample).
On studying the e ects of extraction variables, both solvent and liquid-to-solid ratio were found to
exhibit the highest e ects on ricinine recovery. A fast (15 min) microwave-assisted extraction method
was developed (high temperatures can be applied because the stability of ricinine is proven in the
literature), allowing for the recovery of ricinine from R. communis leaves. The study revealed that
R. communis leaves had almost 1.5 mg g􀀀1 (dried weight) of ricinine.
%K microwave assisted-extraction
%K ricinine
%K Ricinus communis
%K UPLC
%K response surface methodology
%~ Universidad de Cádiz