%0 Journal Article 
%A Martín Aragón, María del Mar
%T The last Spanish Criminal Code Reform on environmental crimes: legal construction and case studies
%D 2018
%U http://hdl.handle.net/10498/33118
%X The Spanish Criminal Code has been submitted for numerous changes along its lifetime,
nevertheless the latest reform made by the Constitutional Law 1/2015 has affected a
huge amount of sections within it. Although the part focused on environmental crimes is
not as large as others, six from its eight articles have experienced considerable
alterations. Thereby we can find regarding to ecological crime, that the Criminal Code
now request liability not just to those who might seriously damage natural systems but
also those who cause or might cause substantial harms to air, ground or water quality or
to animals or plants. And there is also an important update on these crimes as is that the
criminal behaviours that may cause this damages and harms could be considered in
itself or jointly with other ones. The punishment for these crimes is not just for physical
people but also for legal ones. As there are some open-ended terms in the legal
definition of the crime such as “substantial harms”, “seriously damage”, “not negligible
amount of” it is interesting to find out how the case law is solving these “definition
problems” and what are the requirements or the evidences they are demanding in order
to assess these elements. So as to do this, some judgements from different Spanish
Courts are analysed to highlight if there is any difference between them when reading
these sections.
%K Environmental Crime
%K Environment
%K Environmental Law Case
%~ Universidad de Cádiz