http://hdl.handle.net/10498/19459 2026-11-06T00:19:37Z 2026-11-06T00:19:37Z Escobedo, V. M. Acuña-Rodríguez, I.S. García, L.Y. Torres-Díaz, C. Atala, C. Suazo, M.J. Gómez González, Susana Newsham, K.K. Molina-Montenegro, M.A. http://hdl.handle.net/10498/40547 2026-11-05T05:08:04Z 2024-01-01T00:00:00Z

Native woody species depend on the soil microbiome to establish on burned soils, while non-native do not Escobedo, V. M.; Acuña-Rodríguez, I.S.; García, L.Y.; Torres-Díaz, C.; Atala, C.; Suazo, M.J.; Gómez González, Susana; Newsham, K.K.; Molina-Montenegro, M.A. Wildfires are important natural disturbances with profound ecological impacts. However, our understanding of how to restore plant–soil microbiome interactions following wildfires remains limited, revealing a key knowledge gap in post-wildfire ecosystem restoration. To assess the restoration of plant-microbiome interactions in fire-affected ecosystems, we conducted greenhouse experiments simulating wildfire effects on soil collected from Maulino Coastal Forest of central Chile, a biodiversity hotspot. We measured the plant height and photosynthesis over 90 days, and two-year survival probability, of three common native (Aristotelia chilensis, Nothofagus glauca and N. alessandrii) and three non-native species (Eucalyptus globulus, Pinus radiata and Genista monspessulana) planted in three soils (unburned, burned and burned soil inoculated with the native microbiome). Available nutrient concentrations (N, P and K) and activities of microbial enzymes (dehydrogenase, β-glucosidase and urease) were also measured over 360 days. Available nutrient concentrations were consistently higher in burned and burned-inoculated soils than in unburned soils. Enzyme activities in unburned and burned-inoculated soils remained higher than in burned soil, indicating that the native microbiome restored microbial enzyme activities. The increase in height over 90 days was lower in burned soils compared with unburned soils for native species. However, inoculation with the native microbiome mitigated this negative effect, resulting in height increases similar to those in unburned soils. For non-native species, burning and inoculation had negligible effects on the height increases. Similar patterns were observed for the increase in photosynthetic rate, with native species showing a reduced rate in burned soils, which was offset by microbiome inoculation, while non-native species were unaffected by both treatments. Survival probability of native species declined in burned soil, but was the same in burned-inoculated soil as in unburned soil. That of non-native species was unaffected by burning or by inoculation with the native microbiome. Synthesis and applications. Native microbiomes are evidently promising tools to safeguard ecosystem functionality and mitigate species extinction risks arising from climate change and human-induced wildfires. We advocate integrating microbiomes into future active restoration strategies for fire-affected ecosystems.

2024-01-01T00:00:00Z Pizzi, Simona Di Canito, Alessandra Palencia Mulero, Elena De Oliveira Nobre Bezerra, Carmen Cris Ricciardi, Valentina Maddalena, Giuliana Maluleke, Evelyn Carmine Foschino, Roberto Toffolatti, Silvia Laura Fracassetti, Daniela De Lorenzis, Gabriella Cordero Bueso, Gustavo Adolfo Setati, Mathabatha Evodia Vigentini, Ileana http://hdl.handle.net/10498/40541 2026-11-05T05:05:29Z 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z

Study of grapevine endophytes’ interaction with the host and their potential as biocontrol agents as sustainable alternative to agrochemicals Pizzi, Simona; Di Canito, Alessandra; Palencia Mulero, Elena; De Oliveira Nobre Bezerra, Carmen Cris; Ricciardi, Valentina; Maddalena, Giuliana; Maluleke, Evelyn; Carmine Foschino, Roberto; Toffolatti, Silvia Laura; Fracassetti, Daniela; De Lorenzis, Gabriella; Cordero Bueso, Gustavo Adolfo; Setati, Mathabatha Evodia; Vigentini, Ileana In sustainable vineyard management, biocontrol agents (BCAs) offer a promising alternative to chemical pesticides. This study focuses on characterizing endophytes isolated from grapevines in different regions of northern Italy for (i) their effectiveness against Botrytis cinerea through in vitro tests and (ii) their capability to survive in the presence of copper and other commercial fungicides with the final goal of investigating their possible future application for an integrated approach in vineyard. Aureobasidium pullulans strains ED203, ED206, ED217, and ED221 demonstrated significant antagonistic activity toward B. cinerea, while Bacillus velezensis ED163 showed the highest levels of pathogen inhibition. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) analysis identified three distinct microbial clusters based on BCAs volatile profiles, highlighting the production of antifungal compounds such as alcohols, esters, and terpenes to counteract the pathogen growth. The investigated BCAs showed tolerance to high concentrations of copper (up to 100 mg/L) and the fungicide SWITCH (1 g/L), but they were sensitive to a standard oenological dose of sulfur dioxide (50 mg/L). Finally, in vivo tests on grapevine leaves confirmed the ability of B. velezensis and A. pullulans strains ED203 and ED221 candidates to effectively reduce the mycelium infection on plant tissue standing out as strong candidates for pest management. The interaction between BCAs with the host was confirmed through leaves cell culture use, highlighting the capability of the best candidate selected in the study to modulate plant response in presence of pathogen.

2026-01-01T00:00:00Z Trapero Fernández, Pedro Cañizar Palacios, José Luis http://hdl.handle.net/10498/40497 2026-10-31T05:00:36Z 2026-01-19T00:00:00Z

La producción y distribución de pez o brea en el mundo romano. De actividad secundaria de subsistencia a recurso geoestratégico regulado Trapero Fernández, Pedro; Cañizar Palacios, José Luis La brea o pez, un subproducto de la silvicultura, se extrae principalmente de árboles como el pino, mediante un procedimiento de calentado de la resina. Históricamente, se utilizaba para calafatear barcos, impermeabilizar cubiertas o para empegar ánforas y toneles. Sin embargo, pocos son los estudios sobre las características logísticas y económicas de su producción y distribución. Podría parecer que es un subproducto forestal, que se genera en un circuito de subsistencia. Sin embargo, en este artículo analizamos la importancia estratégica del producto asociado a las zonas portuarias para la construcción y reparación de embarcaciones. Las áreas de producción están limitadas por la disponibilidad de bosques adecuados, y aunque arqueológicamente apenas queden restos de su extracción, por las fuentes escritas conocemos su relevancia para cubrir necesidades estatales. Así se analiza el léxico latino relacionado y se busca establecer categorías jurídicas para las tierras de producción y el estatus social de los trabajadores. Este enfoque busca entender cómo la brea, más que producto de subsistencia, fue un elemento crucial en la economía romana, tanto en su aspecto práctico como en su implicación en el sistema legal y social de la época.

2026-01-19T00:00:00Z Rendón, A.B Malfeito-Ferreira, M. Lasanta Melero, Cristina Morata, A. http://hdl.handle.net/10498/40482 2026-10-30T05:00:44Z 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z

Analytical and sensory characterisation of Palo Cortado in comparison with Amontillado and Oloroso Sherry wines Rendón, A.B; Malfeito-Ferreira, M.; Lasanta Melero, Cristina; Morata, A. This research focuses on the analytical and sensory characterisation of Palo Cortado Sherry wines, using Amontillado and Oloroso as reference styles across the spectrum of biological to oxidative ageing in the Jerez region. Sensory evaluation and physicochemical analyses were carried out on samples from six wineries, including GC-FID, FTIR, and colour measurements (absorbances and CIELAB). Results revealed both common patterns among wines within styles and distinguishing factors among them. Significant differences were mainly observed in sensory attributes, colour parameters, and specific volatile compounds. Despite intra-style variability, certain grouping patterns emerged, allowing partial differentiation of the styles and revealing greater proximity between Palo Cortado and Oloroso. Acetaldehyde concentrations were 50 % higher in Amontillado than in Oloroso, and 37 % higher than in Palo Cortado. In contrast, ethyl acetate concentrations were approximately 30 % higher in Oloroso and Palo Cortado than in Amontillado, with similar values between the former two. These results emphasise the influence of the ageing processes on the concentration of these characteristic volatile compounds.

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