Articulos Científicos Cirugía

Sentinel lymph node detection in gastric cancer using a dual tracer (Superparamagnetic iron oxide and methylene blue): a prospective study with histological and OSNA validation

Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT

Sentinel lymph node detection in gastric cancer using a dual tracer (Superparamagnetic iron oxide and methylene blue): a prospective study with histological and OSNA validation Escalera Pérez, Raquel; Medina-Achirica, C.; García-Molina, F.J.; Del Rio-Ignacio, J.J.; Lagares Franco, Carolina María; Estella García, Ángel; Mateo Vallejo, Francisco de Asís Gastric cancer (GC) remains an oncological challenge, with lymph node involvement being a major prognostic factor. Sentinel lymph node (SLN) mapping may improve staging and reduce morbidity. This study evaluated a dual-tracer technique (superparamagnetic iron oxide: SPIO and methylene blue) for ex vivo detection; assessed one-step nucleic acid amplification (OSNA) versus conventional histology; and applied OSNA-pooling analysis in non-SLN. Prospective study of patients undergoing curative gastrectomy with lymphadenectomy (2017–2022). SLNs were identified in fresh specimens by Sentimag® and/or macroscopic staining. Each lymph node was bisected, with one half analyzed by hematoxylin–eosin (H&E) and the other by OSNA. Non-SLN were assessed using pooled OSNA to enhance diagnostic performance. Diagnostic performance metrics and agreement (Cohen’s κ) were calculated. Survival was estimated by Kaplan–Meier. Thirty-eight patients were included (mean age 64.3 years; 58% male); 71.1% received neoadjuvant therapy. SLN detection rate was 84.2% (32/38), with 80 SLNs identified. The dual-tracer approach demonstrated high sensitivity (93.1%) and moderate specificity (44.4%), resulting in an accuracy of 81.6%. Tracer concordance was moderate (κ = 0.42; p < 0.007). OSNA showed good agreement with H&E (sensitivity 80%, specificity 87%), and better performance for micrometastases. The pooling analysis evaluated 1155 non-SLN simultaneously; this novel strategy showed good concordance with conventional histology. After a median follow-up of 53 months, OSNA and H&E status were associated with overall survival in exploratory analyses; however, these findings should be interpreted with caution given the limited sample size and ex vivo proof-of-concept design. Combining SPIO and methylene blue is technically feasible for ex vivo SLN mapping. OSNA complements histology, and its pooled use represents an innovative methodological approach. These results are preliminary and hypothesis-generating; larger prospective in vivo studies are required before clinical applicability can be evaluated. Dual-tracer sentinel node mapping in gastric cancer proved feasible and accurate. OSNA complemented histology, pooled analysis improved detection efficiency, and neoadjuvant therapy did not affect diagnostic performance.

Global Tissue Engineering Trends: A Scientometric and Evolutive Study

Wed, 24 Oct 2018 00:00:00 GMT

Global Tissue Engineering Trends: A Scientometric and Evolutive Study Santisteban Espejo, Antonio Leopoldo; Campos, Fernando; Martín-Piedra, Laura; Durand-Herrera, Daniel; Moral Muñoz, José Antonio; Campos, Antonio; Martin-Piedra, Miguel Ángel Tissue engineering (TE) is defined as a multidisciplinary scientific discipline with the main objective to develop artificial bioengineered living tissues to regenerate damaged or lost tissues. Since its appearance in 1988, TE has globally spread to improve current therapeutic approaches, entailing a revolution in clinical practice. The aim of this study is to analyze global research trends on TE publications to realize the scenario of TE research from 1991 to 2016 by using document retrieval from Web of Science database and bibliometric analysis. Document type, language, source title, authorship, countries and filiation centers, and citation count were evaluated in 31,859 documents. Obtained results suggest a great multidisciplinary role of TE due to a wide spectrum-up to 51-of scientific research areas identified in the corpus of literature, being predominant technological disciplines as Material Sciences or Engineering, followed by biological and biomedical areas, as Cell Biology, Biotechnology, or Biochemistry. Distribution of authorship, journals, and countries revealed a clear imbalance, in which a minority is responsible for a majority of documents. Such imbalance is notorious in authorship, where a 0.3% of authors are involved in half of the whole production.

Inorganic Polyphosphate in Hematolymphoid Malignancies: Biological Rationale and Emerging Research Gaps

Thu, 16 Jul 2026 00:00:00 GMT

Inorganic Polyphosphate in Hematolymphoid Malignancies: Biological Rationale and Emerging Research Gaps García-Domínguez, Francisco; Fernández Ponce, Cecilia Matilde; Salb-Pernas, Carlota; Santisteban Espejo, Antonio Leopoldo; Ruiz Rodríguez, Félix Alejandro Inorganic polyphosphates (polyP) are linear phosphate polymers that play essential functions in human physiology, such as coagulation and inflammation. Despite their recognized participation in solid tumor progression, there are few data on hematolymphoid malignancies. Here, we conducted a narrative review of studies investigating polyP functions in mammalian biology, coagulation, and hematologic systems, focusing on research gaps in hematological oncology. PolyP modulates coagulation cascades, platelet activation, and cellular metabolism. In tumors, polyP has been reported to modulate immune responses and apoptosis in several experimental systems. Emerging data suggest participation in leukemic signaling and the bone marrow microenvironment. Direct evidence linking polyP to hematolymphoid neoplasms is scarce. Being biologically plausible, it represents a promising and largely unexplored area of research and an excellent opportunity for novel therapeutic approaches.

Dynamic cytokine profiles across the progression of Type 1 diabetes mellitus are associated with diabetic retinopathy development

Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT

Dynamic cytokine profiles across the progression of Type 1 diabetes mellitus are associated with diabetic retinopathy development Martín Loro, Francisco; Cano Cano, Fátima; Lara Barea, Almudena; Gómez Jaramillo, María Laura; González Montelongo, María del Carmen; Roca Rodríguez, María del Mar; López Tinoco, Cristina; Álvarez Ramos, Pablo; Jiménez-Gómez, Gema; Campos Caro, Antonio; Aguilar Diosdado, Manuel; Arroba Espinosa, Ana Isabel El estudio analizó 48 citocinas circulantes y alteraciones retinianas mediante OCT y OCTA en 74 pacientes con DM1 de distinta duración y 23 controles sanos. En las fases iniciales de la DM1 se observaron niveles elevados de citocinas proinflamatorias, especialmente IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-2Rα e IL-8. Algunas de estas alteraciones persistieron en fases posteriores y se asociaron con adelgazamiento retiniano, aumento de la zona avascular foveal y neovascularización. Los resultados sugieren que determinados perfiles de citocinas podrían actuar como biomarcadores precoces de retinopatía diabética y contribuir a su prevención y seguimiento.; Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is an autoimmune disease characterized by chronic inflammation that contributes to diabetic complications such as diabetic retinopathy (DR). This cross-sectional observational study aimed to characterize circulating cytokine profiles across different stages of T1DM and assess their association with early retinal alterations. 74 individuals with T1DM were categorized according to disease duration: <3 months (A), ≥ 3 months to ≤ 1 year (B), ≥ 1 to < 5 years (C) ≥ 5 years (D). 23 subjects were included as healthy controls (H). 48 serum cytokines were quantified using a standardized human cytokine assay. Retinal morphology and vascular parameters were assessed through OCT and OCTA images. Early-staged patients (A) showed elevated concentrations of IL-1β, TNF-α, IL2-Ra and IL-8, compared to controls (H). IL-8 remained increased in group C, alongside with higher Eotaxin, IL-12(p70) and IL-17 and anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-4 and LIF. Retinal thinning and enlarged foveal avascular and neovascularization areas correlated with these cytokine patterns. Distinct inflammatory cytokine profiles characterize T1DM progression and correlate with early events-associated to DR indicators, supporting their potential as immunological biomarkers and aiding in the prevention and management of T1DM and its specific complications such as DR.