Cultural adaptation and validation of the Family Nursing Practice Scale (FNPS) for use with Spanish-speaking Nursing Degree students

Abstract

Aim The task proposed was to conduct a cultural adaptation of the Family Nursing Practice Scale and to assess the psychometric properties of the resulting instrument.

Background Nursing students must obtain sufficient personal competence and confidence to act with patients and their families. For this purpose, an assessment scale is needed to inform teachers of the student’s progress and to determine whether further training or changes in teaching methods are required.

Design A cross-sectional study design was used.

Methods The researchers conducted this study with 202 students of nursing at two Spanish universities. In the cultural adaptation, the following steps were followed: definition of concepts, translation, back translation, expert group review and implementation by a pilot group with a subsequent cognitive interview. Internal consistency was determined by Cronbach’s alpha. Reliability was verified by an initial application of the scale, followed by a repetition after seven days, analysing the results obtained in terms of the intraclass correlation coefficient, the construct validity (by Spearman’s non-parametric correlation test) and confirmatory factor analysis (using JASP 0.16.4 statistical software).

Results Cronbach’s alpha resulted in 0.95. Spearman's correlation coefficient Family Nursing Practice Scale total with the course year was –0.26 < 0.001. The intraclass correlation coefficient for the total score of the scale was 0.91. The confirmatory factor analysis was performed on a model in which the total score for the scale was considered in relation to the two subscales, and each subscale in relation to its constituent items. The p-value associated with the chi-square was 0.550. The root mean square error of approximation and comparative fit indices presented values of <0.001 (90 % C.I. <0.001–0.048) and 1.000, respectively.

Conclusions These results indicate that the Spanish version presents good internal consistency, construct validity and reliability. Moreover, the confirmatory factor analysis confirms that it presents a good fit to the model initially proposed for this scale for Nursing Degree students.