Characterisation and Identification of Vines from Fuerteventura (Canary Volcanic Archipelago (Spain)) Using Simple Sequence Repeat Markers

Abstract

A prospection was carried out on Fuerteventura Island in order to explore the existing biodiversity of Vitis vinifera ssp. vinifera in almost desert conditions (<120 mm per year). For this purpose, 40 individuals were collected and genotyped with 20 SSRs. Nine known varieties and one unknown variety, named Majorera on the island, were identified. In addition, four new mutations were found in the varieties Listan negro and Listan prieto, respectively. Thirteen unknown individuals and five erratic accessions were identified. Seven new names are proposed for inclusion in the world databank (one main name (Majorera), one new synonym for Listan negro (Hoja moral), four new mutation names (Listan prieto de Antigua, Listan prieto de Vega, Hoja moral de El Rosario and Hoja moral de Betancuria) and a new synonymy for Muscat Hamburg (Moscatel), which is very widespread on the island). Finally, the possibility is raised that the new Majorera variety is not a pure vinifera but the product of an interspecific cross, as has happened with the variety found on the island of La Palma, Bienmesabe tinto. Once again, the Canary Archipelago shows itself to be a possible centre for the creation of biodiversity for the cultivated vine.