Tribological Analysis of PETG Fire-Retardant Samples Manufactured by FFF

Abstract

Additive manufacturing via Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF) has enabled the development of functional components with customized mechanical properties. In this context, the use of polymers with flame-retardant additives offers an ideal solution for sectors such as aerospace, where fire resistance is a top priority. However, the tribological properties of these materials have not yet been sufficiently studied, despite their relevance in applications subjected to friction or wear. This study analyzes the tribological behavior of parts manufactured using PETG (Polyethylene Terephthalate Glycol) and flame-retardant PETG (PETG FP) through dry condition Ball-on-Disk tests. The influence of manufacturing parameters such as extrusion temperature and layer height on the coefficient of friction (CoF), surface wear, and roughness is investigated. The results show that PETG FP exhibits an increased CoF compared to conventional PETG, although it demonstrates more stable behavior at elevated temperatures. Statistical analysis via ANOVA reveals that material type and layer height significantly affect tribological properties, while temperature plays a secondary role. This study provides key insights for the selection of polymeric materials in environments with critical functional demands.