Evaluating the impact of two exergaming systems combined with conventional physical therapy on the quality of life of people with multiple sclerosis: A multicenter, assessor-blinded, 24-week, pilot randomized controlled trial

Abstract

Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune condition that significantly impacts quality of life (QoL). Combining conventional physical therapy (CPT) with exergaming (EXG) represents a potential approach to improve QoL in people with MS (pwMS). Objectives: To evaluate the impact of two EXG systems, Nintendo Ring Fit Adventure© (NRFA) and Nintendo Wii Fit© (NWF), in addition to CPT on QoL in pwMS and identify associated predictors of QoL. Methods: Thirty-six pwMS were assigned either to a control group (CPT alone, n = 13) or randomly allocated to experimental groups (EGs): EG1 (CPT+NRFA, n = 11) or EG2 (CPT+NWF, n = 12). QoL was assessed through MSQOL-54 at baseline, 12, and 24 weeks. Main and interaction effects were analyzed using mixed ANOVA, with effect sizes calculated as partial eta squared, while predictors were identified through Generalized Estimating Equations. Results: A within-subject improvement in the social function subscale was found in EG2. Better QoL was linked to physical activity, higher education, older age, longer disease duration, and participation in EXG groups. Conversely, progressive MS courses, permanent disability, separated marital status, and medication were negatively associated with QoL. Conclusions: Preliminary findings suggest that integrating EXG into CPT could enhance QoL in pwMS. Tailored MS rehabilitation based on clinical, sociodemographic, and lifestyle profiles is encouraged.