RT journal article T1 Life Cycle Engineering 4.0: A Proposal to Conceive Manufacturing Systems for Industry 4.0 Centred on the Human Factor (DfHFinI4.0) A1 Suarez-Fernandez de Miranda, Susana A1 Aguayo-González, Francisco A1 Salguero Gómez, Jorge A1 s Ávila-Gutiérrez, María Jesús A2 Ingeniería Mecánica y Diseño Industrial K1 life cycle K1 knowledge and technology-intensive industry (KTI) K1 manufacturing K1 VUCA K1 key enabling technology (KET) K1 cyber-physical system (CPS) K1 DfHFinI 4.0 K1 PERA 4.0 K1 Operator 4.0 AB Engineering 4.0 environments are characterised by the digitisation, virtualisation, and connectivity of products, processes, and facilities composed of reconfigurable and adaptive socio-technical cyber-physical manufacturing systems (SCMS), in which Operator 4.0 works in real time in VUCA (volatile, uncertain, complex and ambiguous) contexts and markets. This situation gives rise to the interest in developing a framework for the conception of SCMS that allows the integration of the human factor, management, training, and development of the competencies of Operator 4.0 as fundamental aspects of the aforementioned system. The present paper is focused on answering how to conceive the adaptive manufacturing systems of Industry 4.0 through the operation, growth, and development of human talent in VUCA contexts. With this objective, exploratory research is carried, out whose contribution is specified in a framework called Design for the Human Factor in Industry 4.0 (DfHFinI4.0). From among the conceptual frameworks employed therein, the connectivist paradigm, Ashby's law of requisite variety and Vigotsky's activity theory are taken into consideration, in order to enable the affective-cognitive and timeless integration of the human factor within the SCMS. DfHFinI4.0 can be integrated into the life cycle engineering of the enterprise reference architectures, thereby obtaining manufacturing systems for Industry 4.0 focused on the human factor. The suggested framework is illustrated as a case study for the Purdue Enterprise Reference Architecture (PERA) methodology, which transforms it into PERA 4.0. PB MDPI SN 2076-3417 YR 2020 FD 2020-07 LK http://hdl.handle.net/10498/23574 UL http://hdl.handle.net/10498/23574 LA eng DS Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de Cádiz RD 11-nov-2026