RT journal article T1 Energy-Efficient Envelope Design for Apartment Blocks—Case Study of A Residential Building in Spain A1 Sánchez de la Flor, Francisco José A1 Rodríguez Jara, Enrique Ángel A1 Ruiz Pardo, Álvaro A1 Salmerón Lissén, José Manuel A1 Kolokotroni, Maria A2 Máquinas y Motores Térmicos K1 Evaporative cooling K1 Building renovation K1 Energy savings in buildings K1 nZEB AB Buildings are known to be responsible for about a third of energy consumption in developedcountries. This situation, together with the fact that the existing building stock is being renovatedat a very slow pace, makes it crucial to focus on the energy retrofitting of buildings as the onlyway to reduce their contribution to these energy consumptions and the consequences derived fromthem in terms of pollution and climate change. The same level of insulation and the same type ofwindows is usually proposed for all dwellings in a building block. This article shows that sincethe improvements required by each dwelling in the same block are different, the proposed solutionmust also be different. The methodology is proposed for a practical case consisting of an apartmentblock in Cádiz, a demonstration building of the European RECO2ST project. To achieve the optimumsolution for each case, a multi-objective optimization problem is solved: to minimize the annualheating demand of the building and the standard deviation of the annual demand of the differentdwellings. Thanks to the use of the proposed methodology, it is possible to bring the buildingto a Nearly Zero Energy Building (NZEB) level, while avoiding excessive insulation that causesoverheating in summer. PB MDPI SN 2076-3417 YR 2021 FD 2021-01-04 LK http://hdl.handle.net/10498/24146 UL http://hdl.handle.net/10498/24146 LA eng DS Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de Cádiz RD 21-sep-2026