RT journal article
T1 How Does Happiness Influence the Loyalty of Karate Athletes? A Model of Structural Equations From the Constructs: Consumer Satisfaction, Engagement, and Meaningful
A1 Núñez-Barriopedro, Estela
A1 Cuesta-Valiño, Pedro
A1 Gutiérrez-Rodríguez, Pablo
A1 Ravina Ripoll, Rafael
A2 Organización de Empresas
K1 happiness; loyalty
K1 consumer satisfaction
K1 commitment
K1 quality
K1 engagement
K1 meaningful
K1 SEM
AB Federations are concerned about attracting new sportsmen and sportswomen and increasing the number of members. The purpose of this research was to describe karate federations' strategies for attracting and retaining members through happiness. The analysis was carried out by designing a structural equation modeling (SEM), which allowed to analyze the main variables that influenced the happiness of the karate athlete and consequently to study their effect on people's loyalty to sports federations. In particular, Partial least squares SEM was applied in an overall model when it was possible to understand the happiness role in relation with other traditional relevant variables on loyalty. The data were obtained through primary sources employing a survey sent to the autonomous federations in the discipline of karate, obtaining a sample of 682 federated members in Spain. The results of the model revealed that consumer satisfaction, engagement, and meaningful influence on consumer happiness, but engagement was the most important and relevant variable for affecting this variable. Finally, consumer satisfaction and consumer happiness influence loyalty, and consumer satisfaction was the most important variable, but consumer happiness showed a real alternative for improving loyalty in karate sports federations. Then, one of the implications of this work was that it helped to explain how the federations can be managed to achieve loyal consumers together with a more considerable increase in the number of federated members.
PB FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
SN 1664-1078
YR 2021
FD 2021-04
LK http://hdl.handle.net/10498/25000
UL http://hdl.handle.net/10498/25000
LA eng
DS Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de Cádiz
RD 10-nov-2026