RT journal article T1 A Focus on Ethical Value under the Vision of Leadership, Teamwork, Effective Communication and Productivity A1 Mercader, Víctor A1 Galván-Vela, Esthela A1 Ravina Ripoll, Rafael A1 Popescu, Cristina Raluca Gh. A2 Organización de Empresas K1 ethics K1 leadership K1 teamwork K1 effective communication K1 productivity K1 performance K1 business administration K1 business environments K1 business competencies K1 business counseling K1 corporate governance K1 creativity K1 economics K1 effective business communication K1 effectiveness K1 entrepreneurial competencies K1 entrepreneurship K1 environmental protection K1 knowledge-based society K1 innovative business models K1 integrative strategies K1 intellectual capital K1 accounting K1 audit K1 economic and financial analysis K1 economic growth K1 fiscally responsible businesses K1 intangible assets K1 human capital K1 human resources management K1 management K1 mindfulness K1 qualitative analysis K1 quantitative analysis K1 questionnaire K1 performance management K1 public sector K1 private sector K1 statistics K1 statistical correlations K1 study sample K1 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) K1 sustainability K1 empirical analysis K1 exploratory analysis K1 exploratory factors K1 Barlett’s sphericity test K1 Cronbach’s alpha indicator K1 Kaiser-Meyer Olkin (KMO) test K1 Likert scale K1 skewness and kurtosis calculations K1 Varimax rotation K1 voluntarist theory K1 COVID-19 pandemic AB The new economy and the knowledge-based society brought significant changes in all the areas of our daily lives. Also, the COVID-19 pandemic and the COVID-19 crisis implicated tremendous transformations in all the domains, on the one hand, threatening the balance of our society and, on the other hand, challenging the dynamic of the new economy development and the rhythm of the societal modernization. In these delicate times, the all-important relationship between ethics, leadership, teamwork, effective communication, productivity, and performance is brought to the attention, in particular, due to its benefits for our society, taking into consideration the pivotal advancement that a well governed relationship of this type could provide to the knowledge-based economy. The present research describes the implication of ethics in leadership, teamwork, effective communication, and productivity, which includes the application of ethical values as university graduates assume the role of each of the mentioned dimensions of study in the organizations. The absence of research that relates ethics to these four elements simultaneously was noticed. This information is essential to know how these dimensions influence the organizational level. The sample that included 410 university graduates was applied in Baja California, Mexico, and the industrial nucleus of great relevance, bordering California in the United States of America. The data was obtained using a questionnaire. A reliability and validity analysis of the measurement instrument was carried out in terms of the ethical values associated with the dimensions mentioned using the exploratory factor analysis by the principal components method. Qualitative items were also analyzed using the constant comparison method. The results obtained in this research provide a greater perspective and practical knowledge and support of usefulness and practical reality to businesspeople and employees, leaders and university graduates; and also extensive to students, teachers, and human beings in general, in order to be better prepared to give and apply solutions with their consequent ethical and productive achievements desired by all. Additionally, this current research has the purpose to raise the will to understand, at a higher level and at a more in-depth degree of knowledge, the relationship between ethics, leadership, teamwork, effective communication, productivity, and performance, in the attempt to foster a creative and innovative business environment, based on a robust and sustainable business administration and business competencies, capable to position at higher ranks the strengths, opportunities, aspirations and outcomes that today's new economy is due to offer and diminish the dangerous effects of the COVID-19 pandemic and the COVID-19 crisis in all the domains. PB MDPI SN 1911-8066 YR 2021 FD 2021-11 LK http://hdl.handle.net/10498/26269 UL http://hdl.handle.net/10498/26269 LA eng DS Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de Cádiz RD 10-nov-2026