RT journal article
T1 Accuracy of paper-and-pencil systematic observation versus computer-aided systems
A1 Virues‑Ortega, Javier
A1 Delgado Casas, Cándida Inés
A1 Martin, Neil
A1 Tarifa‑Rodriguez, Aida
A1 Reina Hidalgo, Antonio Jesús
A1 Cox, Alison D.
A1 Navarro Guzmán, Francisco José Ignacio
A2 Psicología
K1 Accuracy
K1 Behavior observation  55, 855–866
K1 Computer-aided observation
AB Computer-aided behavior observation is gradually supplanting paper-and-pencil approaches to behavior observation, butthere is a dearth of evidence on the relative accuracy of paper-and-pencil versus computer-aided behavior observation formatsin the literature. The current study evaluated the accuracy resulting from paper-and-pencil observation and from twocomputer-aided behavior observation methods: The Observer XT® desktop software and the Big Eye Observer® smartphoneapplication. Twelve postgraduate students without behavior observation experience underwent a behavior observation trainingprotocol. As part of a multi-element design, participants recorded 60 real clinical sessions randomly assigned to one of thethree observation methods. All three methods produced high levels of accuracy (paper-and-pencil, .88 ± .01; The ObserverXT, .84 ± .01; Big Eye Observer, .84 ± .01). A mixed linear model analysis indicated that paper-and-pencil observationproduced marginally superior accuracy values, whereas the accuracy produced by The Observer XT and Big Eye Observerdid not differ. The analysis suggests that accuracy of recording was mediated by the number of recordable events in theobservation videos. The implications of these findings for research and practice are discussed.
PB SPRINGER
SN 1554-3528
YR 2022
FD 2022-04
LK http://hdl.handle.net/10498/27126
UL http://hdl.handle.net/10498/27126
LA eng
DS Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de Cádiz
RD 12-nov-2026