RT journal article T1 Evolution of digital activism on social media: opportunities and challenges T2 Evolución del activismo digital en los medios sociales: oportunidades y retos A1 Castillo Esparcia, Antonio A1 Caro Castaño, Lucía A1 Almansa-Martínez, Ana A2 Marketing y Comunicación K1 Digital activism K1 Social networking sites K1 Social media K1 Affordances K1 Affective publics K1 Influencers K1 Virality K1 Datafication K1 Connective action K1 Data activism K1 Interest groups K1 Hacktivism K1 Clicktivism K1 Slacktivism K1 Playful activism AB The social media revolution has affected all areas, including activism. However, there is scepticism about its emancipatory capacity, and it is considered by some to be a distorted form of activism. This article presents a review of the existing literature on digital activism, starting with the concept itself, and examines its impact on the organisation of activists and citizen participation. Likewise, based on the platformisation of these spaces and the evolution of their affordances, we observe growth in individual, strategic and low-commitment participation, the accentuation of the role of emotions in media that promote virality, and the assumption of playful forms of politainment by activists –especially on TikTok–. On the other hand, the strategies carried out by organisations to promote activism in relation to their causes are investigated, such as the generation of arguments provided by the interest group and the involvement in an action of dissemination, co-creation and replication of activists. Finally, the main challenges of digital activism are indicated: the growing inequality in terms of access to algorithmic visibility between activists and brands, influencers and interest groups; the desirability of complementing playful activism with work in alternative digital media that allows for more stable forms of collaboration; and the need to protect activists against the growth of hate speech on these platforms. SN 1386-6710 YR 2023 FD 2023-05-09 LK http://hdl.handle.net/10498/29908 UL http://hdl.handle.net/10498/29908 LA eng NO Este estudio es resultado del proyecto “Lobby y comunicación en la Unión Europea. Análisis de sus estrategias de comunicación”, financiado por el Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación de España. Programa Nacional de I+D+I, 2020. Código de proyecto: PID2020-118584RB-I00. DS Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de Cádiz RD 21-sep-2026