RT journal article T1 Total Ion Chromatogram and Total Ion Mass Spectrum as Alternative Tools for Detection and Discrimination (A Review) A1 Barea Sepúlveda, Marta A1 Duarte, Hugo A1 Aliaño González, María José A1 Romano, Anabela A1 Medronho, Bruno A2 Química Analítica K1 agri-food K1 environment K1 forensic K1 gas chromatography K1 mass spectrometry K1 medical K1 sensors K1 total ion chromatogram K1 total ion mass spectrum AB Gas chromatography (GC) and mass spectrometry (MS) are widely used techniques in the analysis of complex mixtures due to their various advantages, such as high selectivity, reproducibility, precision, and sensitivity. However, the data processing is often complex and time-consuming and requires a great deal of experience, which might be a serious drawback in certain areas, such as quality control, or regarding research in the field of medicine or forensic sciences, where time plays a crucial role. For these reasons, some authors have proposed the use of alternative data processing approaches, such as the total ion chromatogram or total mass spectrum, allowing these techniques to be treated as sensors where each retention time or ratio m/z acts as a sensor collecting total intensities. In this way, the main advantages associated with both techniques are maintained, but the outcomes from the analysis can be reached in a faster, simpler, and an almost automated way. In this review, the main features of the GC- and MS-based analysis methodologies and the ways in which to apply them are highlighted. Moreover, their implementation in different fields, such as agri-food, forensics, environmental sciences, or medicine is discussed, highlighting important advantages as well as limitations. PB MDPI SN 2227-9040 YR 2022 FD 2022-11-08 LK http://hdl.handle.net/10498/31557 UL http://hdl.handle.net/10498/31557 LA eng DS Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de Cádiz RD 12-nov-2026