RT journal article
T1 Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction of Polyphenols from Maritime Pine Residues with Deep Eutectic Solvents
A1 Duarte, Hugo
A1 Gomes, Valentim
A1 Aliaño González, María José
A1 Faleiro, Leonor
A1 Romano, Anabela
A1 Medronho, Bruno
A2 Química Analítica
K1 antimicrobial activity
K1 antioxidant activity
K1 biomass
K1 Box–Behnken experimental design
K1 deep eutectic solvents
K1 green solvents
K1 Pinus pinaster
AB Deep eutectic solvents represent an important alternative in the field of green solvents due to their low volatility, non-toxicity, and low synthesis cost. In the present investigation, we propose the production of enriched polyphenolic extracts from maritime pine forest residues via an ultrasound-assisted approach. A Box–Behnken experimental design with a response surface methodology was used with six variables to be optimized: solid-to-solvent ratio, water percentage, temperature and time of extraction, amplitude, and catalyst concentration. The mixture of levulinic and formic acids achieved the highest extraction yield of polyphenols from pine needle and bark biomass. In addition, the solid-to-solvent ratio was found to be the only influential variable in the extraction (p-value: 0.0000). The optimal conditions were established as: 0.1 g of sample in 10 mL of LA:FA (70:30%, v/v) with 0% water and 0 M H2SO4 heated to 30 °C and extracted during 40 min with an ultrasound amplitude of 80% at 37 kHz. The bioactive properties of polyphenol-enriched extracts have been proven with significant antioxidant (45.90 ± 2.10 and 66.96 ± 2.75 mg Trolox equivalents/g dw) and antimicrobial activities. The possibility to recycle and reuse the solvent was also demonstrated; levulinic acid was successfully recovered from the extracts and reused in novel extractions on pine residues. This research shows an important alternative to obtaining polyphenol-enriched extracts from forest residues that are commonly discarded without any clear application, thus opening an important window toward the valorization of such residues.
PB MDPI
SN 2304-8158
YR 2022
FD 2022-11-22
LK http://hdl.handle.net/10498/31619
UL http://hdl.handle.net/10498/31619
LA eng
DS Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de Cádiz
RD 12-nov-2026