RT journal article T1 The Impact of Clinical Training Seminars on Stress and Perception of Clinical Placement Stressors among Spanish Undergraduate Nursing Students: A Two-Phase Mixed-Methods Study A1 Lepiani Díaz, Isabel A1 Paramio Leiva, Alberto A1 Palazón Fernández, José Luis A1 Román Sánchez, Daniel A1 Carranza Naval, María José A1 Mata Pérez, Concepción A1 Cruz Barrientos, Alberto A1 Paramio Cuevas, Juan Carlos A2 Psicología K1 clinical placement K1 clinical training seminars K1 mixed-methods study K1 nursing education K1 nursing students K1 perceived stress AB Stress and stressors related to clinical practice are some of the main reasons for the discomfort reported by nursing students. It is important to identify the causes of stress and seek strategies to reduce the stress levels in nursing students. Clinical training seminars have proven to be a useful tool to reduce stress levels. This study aims to evaluate the effects of a series of clinical training seminars on the levels of stress and perception of stress factors before the start of clinical practice among undergraduate Spanish nursing students. A two-phase, sequential mixed-methods design was used. For the quantitative phase, data were collected using Cohen’s Perceived Stress Scale and the KEZKAK questionnaire before and after the clinical training seminars. Qualitative data were collected through a focus group session held after the clinical training period. The results show a significant reduction (p = 0.002) in perceived stress levels after the clinical training seminars, and also a change in students’ perception of stressors in the clinical placement. This study provides valuable information for the development of content for clinical training seminars. Universities should develop strategies to reduce stress in their students caused by the clinical placement. PB MDPI SN 2227-9032 YR 2023 FD 2023-01-18 LK http://hdl.handle.net/10498/31662 UL http://hdl.handle.net/10498/31662 LA eng DS Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de Cádiz RD 12-nov-2026