RT journal article
T1 Risk and Protective Factors for Frailty in Pre-Frail and Frail Older Adults
A1 Corral Pérez, Juan
A1 Ávila Cabeza de Vaca, Laura
A1 González Mariscal, Andrea María
A1 Espinar Toledo, Milagrosa
A1 Ponce González, Jesús Gustavo
A1 Casals Vázquez, Cristina
A1 Vázquez Sánchez, María Ángeles
A2 Didáctica de la Educación FísicaPlástica y Musical
K1 accelerometry
K1 ageing
K1 dependency
K1 physical activity
K1 physical function
K1 strength
AB This study aims to evaluate the differences in body composition, physical function, and physical activity between pre-frail/frail older adults and to detect risk and protective factors against frailty and physical frailty. Fried’s criteria for frailty and physical frailty using the short-performance physical battery (SPPB) were measured in 179 older participants (75.3 ± 6.4 years old). Body weight, height, and waist, arm, and leg circumferences were obtained as body composition variables. Daily accelerometer outcomes (physical activity and inactivity) were obtained. Pre-frail participants showed overall better physical function and spent more time in physical activity and less time in long inactivity periods than frail participants (p < 0.05). Risk frailty factors were higher waist perimeter (Odds Ratio [OR]: 1.032, 95%CI: 1.003–1.062), low leg performance (OR: 1.025, 95%CI: 1.008–1.043), and inactivity periods longer than 30 min (OR: 1.002, 95%CI: 1.000–1.005). Protective factors were standing balance (OR: 0.908, 95%CI: 0.831–0.992) and SPPB score (OR: 0.908, 95%CI: 0.831–0.992) for frailty, handgrip strength (OR: 0.902, 95%CI: 0.844–0.964) for physical frailty, and light (OR: 0.986, 95%CI: 0.976–0.996) and moderate-to-vigorous (OR: 0.983, 95%CI: 0.972–0.996) physical activity for both. Our findings suggest that handgrip strength, balance, and physical activity are protective frailty factors and can be monitored in pre-frail older adults. Moreover, poor lower body performance and long inactivity periods are frailty risk factors, which highlights their importance in frailty assessment.
PB MDPI
SN 1661-7827
YR 2023
FD 2023-02-10
LK http://hdl.handle.net/10498/31791
UL http://hdl.handle.net/10498/31791
LA eng
DS Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de Cádiz
RD 12-nov-2026