RT journal article
T1 Design of a Nutritional Survey to Detect High Dietary Salt Intakes and Its Usefulness in Primary Care Compared to 24-Hour Urine Sodium Determination
A1 Jiménez Rodríguez, Amelia
A1 Palomo Cobos, Luis
A1 Rodríguez Martín, Amelia
A1 Fernández del Valle, Patricia
A1 Novalbos Ruiz, José Pedro
A2 BiomedicinaBiotecnología y Salud Pública
K1 nutritional survey
K1 high dietary salt
K1 dietary salt intake
K1 urine sodium
K1 primary health care
K1 urban
AB Many population studies report salt intakes that exceed theWHOrecommendation (2 g/dayof Na+ or 5 g/day of salt). We do not have tools for detecting high salt intakes that are easy to applyin primary health care (PHC). We propose the development of a survey to screen for high salt intakein PHC patients. A cross-sectional study of 176 patients determines the responsible foods, and astudy of 61 patients studies the optimal cut-off point and discriminant ability (ROC curve). Weassessed the salt intake using a food frequency questionnaire and a 24 h dietary recall and used afactor analysis to identify the foods with the highest contribution to be included in a high intakescreening questionnaire. We used 24 h urinary sodium as a gold standard. We identified 38 foods and14 factors representing a high intake, explaining a significant proportion of the total variance (50.3%).Significant correlations (r > 0.4) were obtained between nutritional survey scores and urinary sodiumexcretion, allowing us to detect patients who exceed salt intake recommendations. For sodiumexcretion   2.4 g/day, the survey has a sensitivity of 91.4%, a specificity of 96.2% and an area underthe curve of 0.94. For a prevalence of high consumption of 57.4%, the positive predictive value (PPV)was 96.9% and the negative predictive value (NPV) was 89.2%. We developed a screening survey forsubjects with a high probability of high salt intake in primary health care, which could contribute tothe reduction in diseases associated with this consumption.
PB MDPI
SN 2072-6643
YR 2023
FD 2023
LK http://hdl.handle.net/10498/32440
UL http://hdl.handle.net/10498/32440
LA eng
DS Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de Cádiz
RD 08-nov-2026