RT journal article
T1 Eco-Friendly Pavements Manufactured from Mixed Recycled Aggregates Obtained from Construction and Demolition Waste: An Industrial-Scale Validation
A1 Contreras-Llanes, M.
A1 Gázquez González, Manuel Jesús
A1 Romero, M.
A2 Física Aplicada
K1 Concrete kerb units
K1 Concrete paver blocks
K1 Construction and demolition waste
K1 Recycled aggregates
K1 Recycling
AB This study aimed to validate that laboratory-scale results could be commercially replicated when manufacturing marketable precast concrete. Construction and demolition waste (CDW) was separated into two (fine and coarse) recycled aggregates (RAs). Precast paver and kerb units were fabricated by partial or total substitution of natural aggregates (NAs) by RAs. The study involved the comprehensive characterisation of raw materials, including particle size distribution, mineral composition, and elemental composition. Paver blocks and kerbs manufactured with up to 50% RAs showed mechanical resistance (T = 3.7 ± 0.2 and B = 5.3 ± 0.6 MPa, respectively), water absorption between 5.3–5.7%, and abrasion resistance (approximately 20.2 mm), which met the standard requirements (UNE-EN 1340:2004 and UNE-EN 1338:2004). Furthermore, industrial-scale precast pavement units demonstrated strength and durability suitable for heavy traffic areas. A reduction of 13% in cement content could maintain the requirements with a partial RA substitution of 25%, offering economic and environmental benefits. Therefore, it is feasible at an industrial level to replace NAs with RAs, promoting durability and technological properties with a positive environmental impact and considerably reducing CO2 emissions by up to 65%. Overall, pavers with RAs manufactured at the laboratory scale met mechanical standards, and the kerb stones showed improvements in abrasion resistance. On an industrial scale, kerb stones and precast blocks with specific substitutions can meet strength, water absorption, and abrasion requirements, allowing a reduction in cement content.
PB Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)
SN 1996-1944
YR 2023
FD 2023
LK http://hdl.handle.net/10498/32605
UL http://hdl.handle.net/10498/32605
LA eng
NO RENSMACentro para el Desarrollo Tecnológico Industrial (España)Universidad de Huelva (España)Ministerio de Asuntos Económicos y Transformación Digital, Gobierno de España
DS Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de Cádiz
RD 11-nov-2026