RT book part T1 Principle of legality and European justice: an unfinished road A1 Terradillos Basoco, Juan María A1 Martín Aragón, María del Mar A2 Derecho Internacional PúblicoPenal y Procesal K1 Principle of legality K1 European Justice AB The principle of legality – nullum crimen [1], nulla poena sine lege [2] – requires thecriminal law – lex poenalis [3] – to define the criminalised conducts – lex certa [4] –,so that citizens, being aware of them, can refrain from committing them in thefuture – lex praevia [5].The European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) has analysed the nullum crimensine lege as a general principle and the basis of Rule of Law State.1 For this purpose,the ECtHR has taken as a first reference the European Convention for theProtection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms (ECHR) and its Protocols,but also the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union (CFREU). Theyall guarantee the minimum level of protection of human rights stablished byinternational law. SN 9789462363434 YR 2023 FD 2023 LK http://hdl.handle.net/10498/33004 UL http://hdl.handle.net/10498/33004 LA eng DS Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de Cádiz RD 11-nov-2026