RT book part T1 Enhancing Sentiment Analysis on Social Media: Integrating Text and Metadata for Refined Insights A1 Guerrero Contreras, Gabriel José A1 Balderas Díaz, Sara A1 Serrano Fernández, Alejandro A1 Muñoz Ortega, Andrés A2 Ingeniería Informática K1 Sentiment Analysis K1 Natural Language Processing K1 Deep Learning K1 Hybrid Models K1 Transformer-based Models AB Sentiment analysis has gained prominence in the digital era, particularly within social media contexts. This study explores the integration of metadata, such as reposts, favorites, or followers, alongside textual information for sentiment analysis. A dataset of posts in Spanish is created, filtering by a set of keywords (a total of 17) of interest to us. A total of 3,962 posts were collected along with their metadata. Then, they have been manually classified as positive, negative, and neutral, and processed. The research studies and compares different models like LightGBM, BERT, and a hybrid model combining BERT outputs with metadata. Evaluation metrics, such as F1-score and precision, were employed, revealing that the hybrid model achieved the highest F1-score of 69.4%, showcasing the effectiveness of merging text comprehension capabilities with contextual metadata. While the incorporation of metadata enhanced overall sentiment classification, precision varied across sentiment classes, with notable improvements in neutral and positive sentiments, over 16% and 8% respectively. PB IEEE SN 979-8-3503-8679-0 SN 2472-7571 YR 2024 FD 2024-07-23 LK http://hdl.handle.net/10498/34099 UL http://hdl.handle.net/10498/34099 LA eng DS Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de Cádiz RD 06-nov-2026