RT journal article
T1 Assessment of consolidants for the preservation of Tituli Picti on amphorae from the Ses Fontanelles late Roman shipwreck (Mallorca, Spain): An analytical approach
A1 Fernández Tudela, Elisa
A1 Zarzuela Sánchez, Rafael
A1 Goñalons Lapiedra, Marina
A1 Gil Montero, María Luisa Almoraima
A1 Bernal Casasola, Darío
A1 Cau Ontiveros, Miguel Ángel
A1 García Riaza, Enrique
A1 Cardell Perelló, Jaume
A1 Bethencourt Núñez, Manuel
A2 Ciencia de los Materiales e Ingeniería Metalúrgica y Química Inorgánica
K1 Roman pottery
K1 Tituli Picti
K1 Consolidant
K1 Acrylic resin
K1 Nano silica
K1 Underwater archaeology
AB The ceramic materials from the Ses Fontanelles wreck are an exceptional find due to the large num- ber of amphorae with preserved inscriptions and their state of preservation. The presence of Tituli Picti is uncommon, and even less so in ceramics altered in an underwater environment. The bibliography on the conservation of these elements is scarce. This manuscript presents the results of a comparative study of two consolidation products: one based on nanoparticles (Nano Estel 1:1) and the other on an acrylic resin based on organic solvents (Paraloid B72 3 % in acetone).This preliminary study aims to es- tablish a methodology for the treatment of the inscriptions painted on Roman amphorae from the Ses Fontanelles wreck (Mallorca), 4th century AD. A suite of analytical techniques was employed, encompass- ing surface analysis via Scanning Electron Microscopy - Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (SEM-EDX), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) for the identification of crystalline phases, hardness and micro-indentation test- ing, peeling test, and measurements of aesthetic alterations using a spectrophotometer and glossmeter. The results obtained from these analyses were found to be highly congruent, underscoring the effective- ness of a long-standing acrylic resin and the potential of the silica nanoparticle-based product, which has seen a surge in utilization. This study also paves the way for further research in this area, as it opens up new avenues for exploration and the potential discovery of additional findings.
PB Elsevier
SN 1296-2074
YR 2025
FD 2025-04-21
LK http://hdl.handle.net/10498/36173
UL http://hdl.handle.net/10498/36173
LA eng
NO ARQUEOMALLORNAUTA project, together with the Universitat de Barcelona, Universidad de Cadiz & Universitat de les Illes Balears. This study was undertaken within the framework of the Laboratory of Historical Heritage Studies and Conservation (LEC-PH, INMAR) and the Nanomaterials Group (TEP-243) of the University of Cadiz. Projects GARVM IV (PID2022–138814OB-I00/MCIN/AEI) and MEDUSA (PCM_00031) have also been involved.
DS Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de Cádiz
RD 13-nov-2026