RT journal article T1 Electroanalysis of phenylalanine in food supplement by differential pulse voltammetry technique: Application of economical and handmade Sonogel-Carbon electrodes improved with a fast polarization step A1 Sierra Padilla, Alfonso A1 Monari, A. A1 Palacios Santander, José María A1 García Guzmán, Juan José A1 Pigani, L. A1 Cubillana Aguilera, Laura A2 Química Analítica K1 Electrochemical sensor K1 Sonogel-Carbon K1 Phenylalanine K1 Food supplement K1 Voltammetry AB Sonogel-Carbon electrodes have been applied successfully in the determination of phenylalanine (Phe). These handmade economical sensor devices exhibit better electroanalytical performance than commercial electrodes, and by a fast surface polarization step the electrochemical signal was significantly increased. Improvements in the electrochemically active surface area and electrical conductivity were demonstrated. Excellent figures of merits were assessed, such as a sensitivity value of 68.19 ± 3.11 µA mM−1 cm−2 comparable to other previously reported devices and limit of detection of 31.92 ± 3.75 µM. Sonogel-Carbon electrodes exhibit worthy selectivity in the presence of other amino acids and electroactive species. Finally, satisfactory recovery values between 96 and 101 % were obtained when this material was applied in the determination of Phe in a food supplement sample. Sonogel-Carbon electrodes stand out compared to other reported sensor devices due to their simple, low-cost and eco-friendly manufacturing; their reusability; and their robust and selective electrochemical performance. PB Elsevier SN 0026-265X YR 2025 FD 2025-03-02 LK http://hdl.handle.net/10498/36859 UL http://hdl.handle.net/10498/36859 LA eng DS Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de Cádiz RD 05-nov-2026