RT journal article T1 The Use of VR/AR End-User Development Tools in EducationLessons Learned and Future Challenges T2 El uso de herramientas de desarrollo de RV/RA en la educación: lecciones apren- didas y retos futuros A1 Berns, Anke A1 Zarraonandia, Telmo A1 Onorati, Teresa A1 Díaz, Paloma A1 Dodero Beardo, Juan Manuel A2 Filología Francesa e Inglesa A2 Ingeniería Informática K1 teacher training K1 digital literacy K1 new technology K1 educational trends K1 formación de docentes K1 alfabetización digital K1 nuevas tecnologías K1 tendencia educacional AB This paper focuses on the use and implementation of end-user development (EUD) tools in teaching,with a special focus on creating virtual reality (VR)- and augmented reality (AR)-based teaching andlearning resources. The study sheds light on the current trends in teachers’ usage, needs, and atti-tudes towards VR/AR technology, as well as the aspects software designers should consider whendeveloping teachers’ VR/AR authoring tools. We surveyed 210 teachers specialising in various sub-ject areas and with different levels of education. We analysed the collected responses, reviewed theexisting literature and drew upon our experience as software designers and teacher trainers to iden-tify teachers’ readiness and willingness to integrate VR/AR technologies into their teaching and helpfuture software developers create user-friendly and effective VR/AR authoring tools aligned withteachers’ interests and needs. The study results indicate that teachers seldom use VR/AR technolo-gies, highlighting the need for increased teacher training in VR/AR technologies and EUD tools andstronger collaboration among software developers, teachers and learners. PB Ediciones Universidad de Salamanca SN 2444-8729 YR 2025 FD 2025 LK http://hdl.handle.net/10498/37214 UL http://hdl.handle.net/10498/37214 LA eng DS Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de Cádiz RD 05-nov-2026