RT journal article
T1 The COVID-19 vaccination health literacy questionnaire (CVHL-Q): Design and validation according to classic psychometric and Rasch analyses
A1 Rodríguez‑Blázquez, Carmen
A1 Ayala, Alba
A1 Bas Sarmiento, María del Pilar
A1 Fernández Gutiérrez, Martina
A1 Falcón, María
A1 Romay‑Barja, María
A1 Forjaz, Maria João
A2 Enfermería y Fisioterapia
K1 COVID-19
K1 Health literacy
K1 Psychometrics
K1 Vaccine literacy
AB Objectives: This study aimed to describe the COVID-19 vaccination health literacy questionnaire (CVHL-Q) and test its psychometric properties in the Spanish general population using Classic Test Theory (CTT) and Rasch measurement analysis.Study design: A cross-sectional, observational study was conducted among the Spanish general population in February 2022.Methods: An online survey was administered to a nationally representative sample of 1067 people aged 18 years or older. To measure COVID-19 Vaccination Health Literacy (CVHL) a short questionnaire was developed by the research team. The psychometric properties of the CVHL-Q were explored using Rasch analysis and CTT, following recommended practices for validation of rating scales.Results: The CVHL index mean was 34.3 (SD: 11.6, range: 0-50) with 39.7 % of participants showing limited COVID-19 vaccine literacy (score ≤33 points). The instrument exhibited satisfactory internal consistency. Regarding discriminative validity, not all the a-priori hypotheses were confirmed: younger individuals had lower CVHL-Q scores, and no association was found with education level. A final model based on a random subsample of 300 participants showed a good fit to the Rasch model (χ2 = 31.9, p = 0.044 with Benferroni correction) and satisfactory reliability (PSI = 0.718). All items displayed ordered thresholds and acceptable residual fit.Conclusions: The CVHL-Q is a short, questionnaire with robust measurement properties that allow assessing the ability of population to find, understand, use and appraise the information on COVID-19 vaccines. It might be useful in designing communication campaigns and to assess pandemic preparedness.
PB Elsevier
SN 0033-3506
YR 2025
FD 2025
LK http://hdl.handle.net/10498/37311
UL http://hdl.handle.net/10498/37311
LA eng
DS Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de Cádiz
RD 06-nov-2026