RT journal article
T1 Teaching Methodologies for First Aid in Physical Education in Secondary Schools: A Systematic Review
A1 Parada Espinosa, José María
A1 Ortega Gómez, Sonia
A1 Ruiz Muñoz, Manuel
A1 González Silva, Jara
A2 Didáctica de la Educación FísicaPlástica y Musical
K1 physical education
K1 first aid
K1 active methodologies
K1 gamification
K1 simulation
K1 knowledge retention
AB First aid training in secondary education enhances emergencypreparedness and supports public health. Despite its inclusion in many school curricula,there is no consensus on the most effective teaching methodologies. This systematic reviewaims to compare instructional strategies used in first aid training during Physical Educationand evaluate their impact on students’ knowledge, practical skills, and confidence.Methods: A systematic review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA 2020 guidelines.Six databases (SCOPUS, Web of Science, ERIC, DIALNET, MEDLINE, and PsycINFO) weresearched up to December 2024. Eligible studies were quasi-experimental or observational,involved students aged 11–18, and focused on first aid instruction within Physical Education.Methodological quality was assessed using the PEDro scale. Results: Eleven studieswith a total of 3069 students aged 11–18 were included. Active and technology-basedmethodologies outperformed traditional approaches, improving knowledge acquisition(10.2–30.5%) and practical skill development (18.6–42.3%). Long-term retention rangedfrom 14.2% to 45.8%, with longer interventions yielding better outcomes. Gamification,simulations, and peer learning improved CPR quality and boosted student confidence.However, most studies assessed only short-term outcomes, limiting conclusions about sustainedlearning. Conclusions: Active methodologies, particularly gamification, simulation,and cooperative learning, enhance knowledge retention, practical skills, and confidence inproviding first aid. Although the results were consistently positive, methodological heterogeneityand limited long-term follow-up reduce their generalizability. Further high-quality,longitudinal research is needed to identify the most effective and sustainable strategies.These findings support integrating first aid training into Physical Education as a publichealth initiative to strengthen emergency preparedness in schools.
PB MDPI
SN 2227-9032
YR 2025
FD 2025-05
LK http://hdl.handle.net/10498/38019
UL http://hdl.handle.net/10498/38019
LA eng
DS Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de Cádiz
RD 11-nov-2026