RT doctoral thesis
T1 The Development of Novel Electrochemical Sensors Based on Innovative Materials
A1 Berni, Achraf
A2 Química Analítica
K1 Electrochemical sensors
K1 3D porous materials
K1 Laser-induced graphene
K1 nonenzymatic detection
K1 Nanozyme
K1 Electrocatalysis
K1 Water splitting
K1 HER/OER
K1 sensores electroquímicos
K1 grafeno inducido por láser
K1 materiales porosos tridimensionales
K1 detección no enzimática
K1 nanozimas
K1 electrocatalisis
K1 electrólisis del agua
K1 Capteurs électrochimiques
K1 matériaux poreux 3D
K1 graphène induit par laser
K1 détection non enzymatique
K1 électrocatalyse
AB Over recent decades, electrochemical technologies have experienced significant advancements,offering simplicity, high sensitivity, rapid response, and cost-effectiveness compared toconventional analytical techniques. These advantages have enabled their widespread applicationin environmental monitoring, food safety, and clinical diagnostics. In this context, this thesisfocuses on the design and development of advanced electrochemical platforms based on innovativematerials and fabrication strategies, aiming to enhance performance and broaden functionality forboth sensing and energy-related applications.The first part of this thesis is devoted to the development of laser-induced graphene (LIG)-basedelectrochemical sensors. It explores the fabrication of three-dimensional (3D) porous laser-scribedgraphene electrodes and their functionalization with conducting polymers, such as overoxidizedpolypyrrole, for the selective detection of neurotransmitters, particularly, dopamine. Additionally,a sensitive sensing platform for paracetamol detection is developed using bare LIG structures,while enzyme-free glucose sensing is achieved through the integration of gold nanostructures ontomesoporous LIG. This section also investigates the transferability of LIG-based materials towardpractical applications, including the use of fused filament fabrication to stamp conductive LIGpatterns onto 3D-printed substrates for bioanalytical device development. Notably, this work wasconducted as part of a mobility internship in the University of Teramo, Italy.The second part focuses on laser-based synthesis strategies for functional nanomaterials, aimingto establish a one-step, efficient approach for the fabrication of nanozyme platforms with enhancedcatalytic activity. This section highlights the versatility of laser processing in tuning materialcomposition, morphology, and functionality, enabling the development of highly active and stablenanozyme systems for advanced electrochemical applications.The third part addresses green and innovative top-down and bottom-up approaches for thedevelopment of noble-metal-free electrocatalysts dedicated to water splitting. By combining thesestrategies, efficient catalysts are engineered for both the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) andoxygen evolution reaction (OER). In particular, dual-laser writing techniques enable the directfabrication of 3D graphene–transition metal dichalcogenide hybrid architectures, exhibitingremarkable catalytic performance across a wide pH range.In conclusion, this work demonstrates that integrating advanced carbon-based nanostructures withinnovative laser-assisted fabrication techniques provides versatile, scalable, and environmentallysustainable solutions to overcome the limitations of conventional electrochemical systems. Thesefindings open new pathways for the development of next-generation electrochemical devices,bridging analytical sensing and energy conversion technologies
YR 2026
FD 2026
LK http://hdl.handle.net/10498/39997
UL http://hdl.handle.net/10498/39997
LA eng
DS Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de Cádiz
RD 06-nov-2026