Fundamentos teoricos, desarrollo y proyecciones actuales de la linguistica del texto

Abstract

The following research paper presents a detailed overview of the evolution of text linguistics from its birth (circa 1960) to the present day, which will prove that its appearance---along with pragmatics, sociolinguistics and psycholinguistics---fosters a redirection of the linguistic object of study that goes beyond immanent perspectives towards language in use, and that text linguistics is an interdisuplinury approach to the study of language. In the first part of this paper, "Anteccedentes de la linguistica del texto", we have analyzed the influence of classical rhetoric and poetics, grammatical tradition and stylistics, as well as diverse linguists and schools, such as B. Malinowski, J. R. Firth, the Prague School, L. Hjelmslev, American structural linguistics, tagmemics, E. Coseriu, and Generative Grammar. In the second part, "El desarrollo de la linguistica del texto", we have defined the limits of text linguistics by means of a terminological revision of the terms texto and discurso . Following that, our line of research has focused on the initial nucleus of the discipline, that is, the European Textlinguistik. We believe that there is a transition from existent sentence-based grammars (i.e. TeSWeST, Functional Sentence Perspective and T. A. van Dijk's theory) towards a concept of "text" as the minimal unit of sense in which either social (as in the systemic-functional grammar and additions to T. A. van Dijk's theory) or pragmatic aspects (i.e. S. J. Schmidt's textual theory and the operational model of R. A. de Beaugrande and W. U. Dressler) predominate. Finally, the third part of this dissertation, "Nuevas direcciones y perspectivas en la linguistica del texto", presents theoretical models which try to explain textual phenomena based on current theories, such as the theory of chaos, receptor pragmatics and relevance theory. This is followed by an interdisciplinary approach to linguistic research, in which we analyse the relations between textual discoursive linguistics and language teacher training, documentation and genetics as a means of information transmission.