Hierarchical Control of Microgrid Clusters for Dynamic Net-Zero Consumption in Distribution Networks

Abstract

This paper presents a hierarchical control approach of microgrid clusters (MGCs) designed to achieve dynamic zero grid consumption, particularly in distribution networks, which is applied in this case to the IEEE-15 network. The proposed method tackles the challenges of managing dynamic renewable energy technologies (RETs) and energy storage systems (ESS) through a dynamic control strategy with short sampling intervals. This approach effectively guarantees stable operations, keeping frequency and voltage deviations within acceptable bounds, thus demonstrating its reliability. A key contribution of this work is the scalability of the hierarchical control achieved through the use of generic variables, allowing it to be adapted to larger, more complex systems that involve multiple distributed ESS and fluctuating local loads. Furthermore, the study emphasizes that dynamic control can be achieved without compromising power quality, highlighting the potential to achieve net-zero grid consumption in larger networks. The results confirm that dynamic zero grid consumption is feasible in larger, dynamic networks, laying the groundwork for future large-scale applications that enhance the stability, sustainability, and independence of decentralized energy systems.